Summary: ## Canopy Scaling in LUNA Model When LUNA (Land Use and Land Cover Change) is enabled, the following canopy parameters are scaled from sun leaves to shaded leaves: - Vcmax25 (maximum carboxylation capacity) - Jmax25 (maximum electron transport capacity) - Tp25 (triose phosphate utilization) - kp25 (permeability coefficient) - Rd25 (dark respiration rate) The scaling is done using the following equations: (2.9.17) - Vcmax25_sha = Vcmax25_sun * (iv,sha / iv,sun) - Jmax25_sha = Jmax25_sun * (iv,sha / iv,sun) - Tpsha = Tpsun * (iv,sha / iv,sun) Where iv,sun and iv,sha are the leaf-to-canopy scaling coefficients for sunlit and shaded leaves, respectively, calculated using the two-stream radiation model (Equation 2.9.18). The key parameters in the scaling coefficients are: - kn,ext: extinction coefficient for nitrogen - kb,ext: direct beam extinction coefficient - fsun: fraction of sunlit leaves When LUNA is disabled, the canopy scaling defaults to the mechanism used in CLM4.5.