import struct
import pandas as pd

def read_binary_file(file_path):
    with open(file_path, 'rb') as f:
        # 读取前8个字节，表示数据列数
        num_columns_bytes = f.read(8)
        num_columns = struct.unpack('>q', num_columns_bytes)[0]
        print(f"Number of columns: {num_columns}")

        # 读取接下来的8个字节，表示起始日期
        start_date_bytes = f.read(8)
        start_date = struct.unpack('>d', start_date_bytes)[0]
        print(f"Start date: {start_date}")

        # 初始化DataFrame
        data = []
        timestamps = []

        while True:
            # 读取每个数据块的分钟数
            minute_bytes = f.read(8)
            if not minute_bytes:
                break  # 文件结束
            minute = struct.unpack('>d', minute_bytes)[0]
            timestamps.append(minute)

            # 读取数据行数 * 8 字节的数据
            data_bytes = f.read(num_columns * 8)
            if not data_bytes:
                break  # 文件结束
            data_values = struct.unpack(f'>{num_columns}d', data_bytes)
            data.append(data_values)

    # 创建DataFrame
    df = pd.DataFrame(data, columns=[f'Column_{i+1}' for i in range(num_columns)])
    df.insert(0, 'Timestamp', timestamps)

    return df

# 读取文件并打印关键信息
file_path = 'lz.rivqdown.dat'
df = read_binary_file(file_path)
print(df.head())